Yakaburitswa · Dombe

ChinaMNC: Ndariro Yakaru Yekusarudza Sangano Rakakodzera Kambani Yako MuChina

Gwara rinoshanda kune vatangi vekunze vanoda kuvaka kambani muChina: kusiyanisa WFOE, joint venture, uye mabranch, mabhenefiti nemhedzisiro, uye mibvunzo yekubvunza nyanzvi. Ruzivo rwakajairika, kwete zano remutemo kana mutero.

Kana uri mutangi wekunze uri kuronga kuvaka kambani muChina, imwe yesarudzo dzekutanga uye dzakakosha ndeyekuti ndeupi mhando wesangano waunofanira kusarudza. Sarudzo iyi inobata zvinhu zvakawanda: kuti unogona here kutonga bhizinesi rako, kuti mari inofamba sei, kuti unogona here kutengesa zvakananga kuvatengi vemuChina, uye kuti unozoshandura sei zvinhu gare gare. Chinyorwa ichi chine ruzivo rwakajairika chete uye hachisi zano remutemo kana mutero. Sarudzo dzakadai dzinofanira kuitwa newe pamwe nevanoona nezvemutemo nevemutero vanoziva mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Misiyano mikuru yemhando dzesangano

Muzvinhu zvinowanzoonekwa nevatorwa vanouya kuChina, mhando nhatu dzesangano dzinonyanya kutaurwa: kambani inotongwa nemushambadzi wekunze (WFOE), joint venture (JV) pamwe nemukambani wemuChina, uye branch kana representative office yekambani iri kunze kwenyika. Imwe neimwe ine maitiro akasiyana, uye hapana imwe yakanakira munhu wese.

Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise (WFOE)

WFOE ikambani yemutemo wekuChina inotongwa zvizere nemushambadzi wekunze. Ndiyo nzira inowanzosarudzwa nevatorwa vanoda kutonga bhizinesi ravo uye vanoda kuita bhizinesi rakazara muChina. WFOE inogona kunyoreswa kuti iite zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhizinesi, uye iyo business scope inonyorwa mune zvinyorwa zvekunyoresa. Zvinhu zvinoda kunzwisiswa: kambani inofanira kuva nemuzvinabo ane mvumo yekushanda muChina, inoda kuchengeta mabhuku, uye inofanira kutevedzera mitemo yemutero neyevashandi. WFOE inodawo mari yekutanga inoenderana nechirongwa chebhizinesi uye nezvinodiwa zvedunhu.

Joint venture

Joint venture inosanganisira kambani yekunze nemukambani wemuChina vanobatana kuumba sangano idzva. Izvi zvinogona kuva nezvakanaka: mumwe wemuChina anogona kupa ruzivo rwemusika, hukama hwevatengi, kana zvivakwa. Asi JV inounzawo matambudziko ekutonga: sarudzo dzinofanira kugadziriswa pamwe chete, uye kusawirirana kunogona kunonotsa bhizinesi. Musati masaina, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti ndiani ane simba rekutonga, mari inopinda sei, uye kuti munhu wese anobuda sei kana bhizinesi rikashanduka. Mamiriro emutemo weJV akachinja nekufamba kwenguva, saka ita shuwa kuti unoona nemunhu anoziva mutemo wazvino.

Branch uye representative office

Branch ikambani yekunze inonyoreswa kuti ishande muChina, asi haisi kambani yakazvimirira yemutemo wekuChina. Representative office (RO) ine muganhu wakasimba pane zvayinogona kuita; kazhinji haigone kuita bhizinesi rekutengesa kana kutora mari zvakananga. Kune vamwe vatori venhau, RO inogona kuva nzira yekutanga yekuongorora musika, asi haisi nzira yekuvaka bhizinesi rakazara. Branch inogona kuva yakakodzera kune makambani ane bhizinesi rakaomarara uye anoda kuwedzera basa rawo muChina pasina kuumba kambani itsva, asi zvinodiwa nemutemo zvinogona kuva zvakaoma.

Mibvunzo yekubvunza usati wasarudza

Sarudzo yekutanga inofanira kubva pane zvausinganeti nezvazvo. Funga mibvunzo inotevera:

• Ndiani anoda kutonga? Kana uchida kutonga kwakazara, WFOE inowanzova nzira iri pachena. Kana uchida mubatsiri wemuChina ane ruzivo rwemusika, JV inogona kuva nzira.
• Chii chaizvo chaunoda kuita? Kutengesa zvinhu, kupa mabasa, kugadzira, kana kutsvaga chete? Business scope inofanira kuenderana neizvi.
• Mari inobva kupi uye inoenda kupi? Kufamba kwemari, mibairo, uye mutero zvinoda kurongwa kubva pakutanga.
• Unoda kushandisa vashandi vakadini? Kambani inoda kuva nemushandi ane mvumo wekushanda, uye inofanira kutevedzera mitemo yevashandi yekuChina.
• Ndeipi nguva yaunoda? Kuvaka WFOE kunotora nguva uye kunoda mari; JV inogona kutora nguva yakareba nekuda kwekukurukurirana.
• Unoda kuzobuda sei? Funga nezvekuodha, kutengesa chikamu, kana kuvhara kambani ramangwana.

Matambudziko anowanzoonekwa

Vazhinji vanotanga vanokanganwa kuti sarudzo yesangano inobata zvakawanda kunze kwekutanga. Semuenzaniso, imwe nzira inogona kupa kutonga kwakazara asi ikaoma kuwana mvumo yekushanda mune dzimwe ndima. Imwe nzira inogona kuva nyore kutanga asi ikaita kuti zviome kuwedzera bhizinesi gare gare. Zvakare, mutemo wekuChina unogona kusiyana nedunhu nedunhu, uye zvinodiwa zvekutanga zvinogona kuchinja. Saka, usafananidze mibairo yemakambani aunoona pamhepo nezviri kuitika chaizvo mumunda.

Zvinhu zvinowanzokanganiswa:

• Kusanzwisisa musiyano pakati pekambani inogona kutengesa zvakananga uye imwe inongogona kutsvaga chete.
• Kusafunga nezvemutemo wevashandi nemitero kubva pakutanga.
• Kutarisira kuti JV ichaita kuti bhizinesi rifambe nyore, pasina kugadzirisa mashandiro ekutonga.
• Kusanzwa zano remutemo rinobva kune munhu anoziva mutemo wekuChina wazvino.

Matanho anoshanda ekutanga

Zvakanaka kuita tsvakiridzo isati yatanga. Tanga nekunyora chirongwa chebhizinesi chakajeka: unoda kutengesa chii, kune vanani, uye sei. Wobva waonana nenyanzvi yemutemo wekuChina uye nenyanzvi yemutero inoona nezvekambani dzekunze. Vabvunze kuti ndeipi mhando yesangano inokodzera chirongwa chako uye kuti ndedzipi mvumo dzinodiwa mudunhu raunoda kushanda. Zivawo kuti unoda mari yakadini yekutanga uye kuti unogona kuichengeta sei. Panguva imwe chete, funga nezvekuwana mumwe wemuChina anogona kubatsira nekusvika kuvatengi, asi usamhanyira kuJVs pasina kunzwisisa matambudziko ekutonga.

Mhedziso

Hapana sangano rakanakira vose. WFOE, JV, branch, uye representative office imwe neimwe ine mabhenefiti nemhedzisiro. Sarudzo yakanaka inobva pakunzwisisa bhizinesi rako, kutonga kwaunoda, mari yaunoda, uye mutemo uri kushanda. Ruzivo urwu nderwekujairika uye harusi zano remutemo kana mutero; taura nenyanzvi dzinokwanisa kukupa zano rakanangana nemamiriro ako. Kuita tsvakiridzo nokuchenjera pakutanga kunogona kukubatsira kudzivisa matambudziko anodhura gare gare.